Why are BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations only associated with breast and ...

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Why are BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations only associated with breast and ovarian cancer?

A woman?s lifetime risk of developing breast and/or ovarian cancer is greatly increased if she inherits a harmful mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2. Such a woman has an increased risk of developing breast and/or ovarian cancer at an early age (before menopause) and often has multiple, close family members who have been diagnosed with these diseases. Harmful BRCA1 mutations may also increase a woman?s risk of developing cervical, uterine, pancreatic, and colon cancer. Harmful BRCA2 mutations may additionally increase the risk of pancreatic cancer, stomach cancer, gallbladder and bile duct cancer, and melanoma.

Men with harmful BRCA1 mutations also have an increased risk of breast cancer and, possibly, of pancreatic cancer, testicular cancer, and early-onset prostate cancer. However, male breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, and prostate cancer appear to be more strongly associated with BRCA2 gene mutations.The association comes from their relatively frequent discovery during genetic analysis of breast and ovarian malignancies. Overall, BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations have been found in about 5-10% of breast cancers and 10-15% of ovarian cancers, whereas other mutations associated with these cancers are seen far less frequently.

BRCA1 and BRCA2 (not mutated) aid in repair of DNA among developing and differentiating tissues in many parts of the body. This helps to explain why mutations are also found in cervical, pancreatic, colon, prostate and other tumors.

Thanks Maria Marques for the tip.

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Source: http://www.gofemalecancers.info/female-cancers/why-are-brca1-and-brca2-mutations-only-associated-with-breast-and-ovarian-cancer.html

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